NI USB-4431 声音与振动模块

NI USB-4431是一款专为声音和振动应用设计的数据采集模块，具备高精度和多功能性。以下是对该模块的详细介绍：

一、基本概述

• 名称：NI USB-4431数据采集模块
• 用途：通过集成电路压电式(IEPE)与非集成电路压电式传感器进行高精度声音和振动测量
• 特点：便携式USB供电设备，具有多路模拟输入(AI)和模拟输出(AO)通道

二、技术规格

1. 通道配置
• 模拟输入(AI)通道：4路，每路通道具有针对传感器的信号调理功能，支持加速度计和麦克风。
• 模拟输出(AO)通道：1路，是激励-响应测试的理想之选，可同步至AI通道。
2. 采样率与分辨率
• AI通道采样率：范围从1 S/s到102.4 kS/s，且所有AI通道可同时进行采样。
• AO通道更新速率：最高可达96 kS/s。
• 分辨率：24位，为AI和AO通道提供良好的信噪比。
3. 动态范围与耦合方式
• AI通道动态范围：100 dB。
• 耦合方式：软件可选式交流/直流耦合，适用于不同测量需求。
4. 信号调理
• 支持软件可选的IEPE信号调理（0 mA或2.1 mA），可溯源至NIST的校准。
• 兼容IEEE 1451.4 (TEDS)传感器，实现传感器即插即用功能。
5. 电压范围
• AI通道：±10 V
• AO通道：±3.5 V

三、应用领域

NI USB-4431声音与振动模块广泛应用于电子、航天、汽车、电气等领域，具体包括但不限于：

• 音频测试和测量：用于音频设备的性能测试和校准。
• 噪声和振动诊断：帮助识别和解决机械系统中的噪声和振动问题。
• 机器状态监测：实时监测机器的运行状态，预防故障发生。
• 汽车测试：在汽车研发和生产过程中，进行噪声、振动和声振粗糙度(NVH)分析。
• 实验室研究：为科学研究提供高精度、可靠的声音和振动数据采集。

四、优势与特点

• 高精度：具备高动态范围和分辨率，确保测量结果的准确性。
• 多功能性：支持多种传感器和耦合方式，满足不同测量需求。
• 便携性：采用USB供电，便于携带和现场使用。
• 易于配置：提供NI-DAQmx驱动程序和配置实用程序，简化配置和测量过程。

综上所述，NI USB-4431声音与振动模块是一款功能强大、易于使用且精度高的数据采集设备，适用于各种声音和振动测量应用。

The NI USB-4431 is a data acquisition module designed for sound and vibration applications with high precision and versatility. The following is a detailed introduction to the module:

I. Basic overview

Name: NI USB-4431 Data acquisition module

Uses: High precision sound and vibration measurement with integrated circuit piezoelectric (IEPE) and non-integrated circuit piezoelectric sensors

Features: Portable USB-powered device with multiple analog input (AI) and analog output (AO) channels

2. Technical specifications

Channel configuration

Analog input (AI) channels: 4, each with sensor-specific signal conditioning, accelerometer and microphone support.

Analog Output (AO) channel: 1 channel, ideal for excitation-response testing, synced to AI channel.

Sampling rate and resolution

AI channel sampling rate: ranges from 1 S/s to 102.4 kS/s, and all AI channels can be sampled simultaneously.

AO channel update rate: up to 96 kS/s.

Resolution: 24 bits, providing good signal-to-noise ratio for AI and AO channels.

Dynamic range and coupling mode

AI channel dynamic range: 100 dB.

Coupling mode: Software optional AC/DC coupling, suitable for different measurement requirements.

Signal conditioning

Supports software-optional IEPE signal conditioning (0 mA or 2.1 mA), traceable to NIST calibration.

Compatible with IEEE 1451.4 (TEDS) sensors, sensor plug and play function.

Voltage range

AI channel: ±10 V

AO channel: ± 3.5V

3. Application fields

NI USB-4431 sound and vibration modules are widely used in electronics, aerospace, automotive, electrical and other fields, including but not limited to:

Audio test and measurement: Used for performance testing and calibration of audio equipment.

Noise and vibration diagnostics: helps identify and resolve noise and vibration problems in mechanical systems.

Machine condition monitoring: real-time monitoring of the running state of the machine to prevent failure.

Automotive testing: Noise, vibration and sound roughness (NVH) analysis is performed during automotive development and production.

Laboratory research: Provides high-precision, reliable sound and vibration data acquisition for scientific research.

4. Advantages and characteristics

High accuracy: High dynamic range and resolution ensure the accuracy of measurement results.

Versatility: Supports a variety of sensors and coupling modes to meet different measurement requirements.

Portability: USB power supply, easy to carry and field use.

Easy configuration: NI-DAQmx drivers and configuration utilities are available to simplify the configuration and measurement process.

In summary, the NI USB-4431 Sound and Vibration module is a powerful, easy-to-use and highly accurate data acquisition device for a variety of sound and vibration measurement applications.

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